How to choose the right grade of steel making tools

How to choose the right grade of steel making tools for the application what's included?

Choosing the right steel grade for your application will involve many factors and the unique needs of the application. 

1. Indicates the operating condition, determines the temperature at which the tool is used. If the temperature is below 250°C, cold work tool steels are suitable. For higher temperatures, steel should be used to make  hot work tools.

2. Understand the required features, considering the necessary mechanical properties such as hardness, toughness, etc. Each grade has different mechanical properties, such as cold working tool steel, when hardened, it has high hardness. Wear resistance, but may not be as good as hot tool steels or impact-resistant steels. As for the steel used for hot work tools, it has good resistance to the decline of hardness at high temperatures, for example.
3. Consider the nature of use. Whether its cutting dies, stamping dies, die dies, or working with hot materials such as hot forging, aluminum Al Die-casting, the application will determine whether you need more wear resistance or higher temperature resistance.
4. Types of hardening treatment processes Some tool-making steels can only be used for certain types of hardening processes, and the hardening process is an important process that affects the final properties of a tool or mold.
5. Overhead cost: Take into account the cost of materials and processing costs. Iron with higher alloys or dopes may provide better performance, but it also comes with a higher cost of iron per kilogram. Therefore, the required amount of production from such molds or tools must also be taken into account. If the production volume is large, the type of tool steel that is PM or Powder Metallurgy which has a higher price per kg than general cold tool steel. However, a longer service life will come with a lower cost per number of parts produced, for example.
6. There are steel grades that need to be sold. Check the availability of the desired grade. Some specific grades may have longer lead times because local sellers do not keep stock.
7. Consult with the vendor or specialist. Tooling steel vendors and experts can provide valuable insights into the most suitable grade for your application.

By carefully considering these factors, you can choose a tool-making steel grade that will provide the performance and durability required for your specific application. 

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เรียบเรียงโดย: นายสุพัฒน์ โตยิ่ง, 24^th Jul, 2024